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Accepted papers
Visualization of the structure of vapor-liquid flow during subcooled R113 refrigerant boiling under preburnout conditions
N.V. Vasil’ev, S.N. Vavilov, Yu.A. Zeigarnik, E.A. Lidzhiev
Accepted: 2024-05-06
Abstract
Boiling of dielectric liquids subcooled to the saturation temperature is a promising method for cooling modern electronic devices. This method makes it possible to remove sufficient heat flux densities (q), maintain the temperature of chip interfaces at the required level, and not create undesirable conditions leading to electrical breakdown in the event of a leak in the coolant circuit. The safe use of the boiling process of subcooled liquid is limited by heat flow densities, at which large agglomerates of the vapor phase appear in the core of the coolant flow, which carries the risk of hydraulic expansion of the applied cooling systems from parallel channels.
In this work, using visualization through high-speed video recording (with a frequency of 5–10 kHz), an experimental study of the evolution of the structure of a two-phase flow during boiling of subcooled dielectric liquid R113 under preburnout conditions was carried out. It has been shown that, also characteristic of water, at q close to critical, the formation of large vapor agglomerates in the R113 flow. It has been established that an increase in the degree of subcooling and mass velocity leads to an increase in q at the moment vapor agglomerates appear. The influence of the heating rate of the heat-transfer plate on the structure of the two-phase flow in preburnout conditions and on the value of q at the moment of burnout is shown.
Application of Modern Object Tracking Technologies to the Task of Aortography Key Point Detection in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
V.V. Laptev, N.A. Kochergin
Accepted: 2024-04-21
Abstract
Object detection, as one of the most fundamental and challenging problems in computer vision, has attracted much attention in recent years. Over the past two decades, we have witnessed the rapid technological evolution of object detection and its profound impact on the whole field of computer vision. In this paper, aortography key point detection approaches for transcatheter aortic valve implantation based on machine learning tools are discussed. The paper provides a description and analytical comparison of such popular methods as "object detection", "pose estimation". As a result of this study, a visual assessment system is proposed to facilitate the performance of the intervention procedure. The final accuracy of the proposed system reaches 79.3% with an analysis speed of 12 ms per image.
Многоканальная регистрация ЭКГ с поверхности женского торса и визуализация характеристик сердца
Ю.С. Данилкина, М.Н. Крамм, Т.Л.Н. Чыонг, А.Ю. Бодин, Д.В. Краюшкин
Accepted: 2024-04-17
Abstract
Работа посвящена разработке электрокардиографического жилета, учитывающего особенности женского торса и предназначенного для записи электрокардиосигналов (ЭКС) множественных униполярных отведений. Главной задачей обработки таких ЭКС является визуализация карт распределения электрических потенциалов на поверхности торса и поверхности эпикарда. Особенностью подобного подхода является использование достаточно большого количества электродов на поверхности торса (45-80) и решение обратной задачи для перехода от потенциалов на поверхности торса к потенциалам на поверхности эпикарда Основные сложности реализации этого подхода – это установка достаточно большого числа электродов и сопутствующие существенные временные затраты. Разработка системы регистрации ЭКС на основе электрокардиографического жилета с предустановленными электродами, позволяет оперативно осуществлять установку электродов, запись ЭКС и будет способствовать повышению качества диагностики заболеваний сердечно сосудистой системы. В данной работе показана разработка электрокардиографической системы с 46 электродами, позволяющей оперативно осуществлять запись ЭКС, а также проведены испытания. Данное изделие способствует повышению качества диагностики заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы.
Integration of Physical Reality Objects with Their 3D Models Visualized in Virtual Environment Systems
A.V. Maltsev
Accepted: 2024-04-12
Abstract
The paper describes methods and approaches for integrating, from the user's point of view, three-dimensional virtual models visible to them in a virtual reality headset, and their physical prototypes. This allows for the addition of some important elements of physical reality to the virtual environment, such as tactile and muscle-motor sensations. Developed solutions are based on the use of wireless HTC Vive trackers, which determine their position and orientation in space and have the ability to be attached to various objects in the real world. An original approach to building a tracking system from several controllers of such type with one anchor element selection is proposed, as well as new methods for real-time integration of physical reality objects with their virtual models by means of functional control schemes with blocks for the Vive trackers. Software modules were created based on developed methods and approaches. Approbation of them was carried out in virtual environment system VirSim and showed adequacy and effectiveness of proposed solutions when using in virtual environment systems and training complexes.
Visualization and Classification of Human Movements Based on Skeletal Structure: A Neural Network Approach to Sport Exercise Analysis and Comparison of Methodologies
V.O. Kuzevanov, D. V. Tikhomirova
Accepted: 2024-03-27
Abstract
The authors of the paper review and compare different existing approaches to Human Action Recognition (HAR), analyze the advantages and disadvantages of platforms for extracting human skeletal structure from video stream, and evaluate the importance of visual representation in the motion analysis process. This paper presents an example implementation of one of the approaches to HAR based on the use of interpretability and visual expressiveness inherent in skeletal structures. In this work, an ad hoc network with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for human activity classification is designed and implemented, which has been trained and tested in the domain of sports exercises. LSTM incorporation of memory cells and gating mechanisms not only mitigates the vanishing gradient problem but also enables LSTMs to selectively retain and utilize relevant information over extended sequences, making them highly effective in tasks with complex temporal dependencies. The problem with a fading gradient is quite common in deep neural networks and is that if the error is back propagated during the training of the network, the gradient can decrease strongly as it travels through the layers of the network to the initial layers. This can lead to the fact that the weights in the initial layers are practically not updated, which makes training of these layers impossible or slows down its process. The resulting solution can be used to create a real-time virtual fitness assistant. The resulting solution can be used to create a real-time virtual fitness assistant. In addition, this approach will make it possible to create interactive training applications with visualization of human skeletal structure, motion analysis and monitoring systems in the field of medicine and rehabilitation, as well as for the development of security systems with access control based on the analysis of visual data on the movement of human body parts.
Interactive Geoinformation System for Dynamic Visualization of Auroral Oval Characteristics Based on Component-Oriented Programming Patterns
A.V. Vorobev, G.R. Vorobeva
Accepted: 2024-03-27
Abstract
The practical need for operational monitoring of the position dynamics of the auroral oval is due to the negative technospheric manifestations of space weather effects observed in this spatial region. However, the well-known software tools for modeling the auroral oval solve this problem inefficiently from the point of view of informativeness and ergonomics. The paper proposes an approach to dynamic visualization of the characteristics of the auroral oval, which is available at the program level in the form of a traditional web application with the ability to render visual elements in the browser, as well as in the format of a standalone service like RESTful-API. The developed solution provides visualization of the following parameters: the probability of observing the glow of the upper layers of the atmosphere with the naked eye, the electric and magnetic potentials of the field in the region of the northern auroral belt, as well as various types of auroral precipitation. It is assumed that the proposed approach will make it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the study of parameters in the auroral oval region by specialists and scientists in the relevant fields. At the same time, the high internal and low external connectivity of the developed software modules allow them to be integrated into third-party applications of various profiles and purposes.
BBMS: Investigation to Single Colour Image Visibility Improvement in Turbid Media through Biorthogonal Wavelet Based Depth-map Estimation
Sangita Roy
Accepted: 2024-03-20
Abstract
Electronic imaging needs good quality, high resolution (HR) digital images for highlighting finer details of the image. Normally images captured by ordinary digital camera are post pro cessed with available software instead of high cost CMOS sensor phased camera. Problem commonly faced with these images may get degraded due to the scattering media which deteriorates contrast, shifts colour, and make overall image whitish. Information from the distant objects suffer from poor medium transmission as well as noise amplification. Biorthogonal wavelet denoising (BWD), compress sparsely in frequency -time space, removes noise from depth estimation and makes the transmission smooth. Moreover, single image recovery is a serious challenge and ill posed problem. The recovered image improves compare to degraded image significantly and dis cards possibility of false edge detection as well as prevent colour shift and low contrast. Good quality images are found with objective evaluation. Moreover, different wavelets, thresholds, and decomposition levels have been studied and compared. Time complexity is linear due to wavelet domain analysis which makes the technique fast, reliable, and visually pleasing.
Shadow Detection and Elimination for Robot and Machine Vision Applications
Luma Issa Abdul-Kreem, Hussam k. Abdul-Ameer
Accepted: 2024-03-17
Abstract
Shadow removal is crucial for robot and machine vision as the accuracy of object detection is greatly influenced by the uncertainty and ambiguity of the visual scene. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for shadow detection and removal based on different shapes, orientations, and spatial extents of Gaussian equations. Here, the contrast information of the visual scene is utilized for shadow detection and removal through five consecutive processing stages. In the first stage, contrast filtering is performed to obtain the contrast information of the image. The second stage involves a normalization process that suppresses noise and generates a balanced intensity at a specific position compared to the neighboring intensities. In the third stage, the boundary of the target object is extracted, and in the fourth and fifth stages, respectively, the region of interest (ROI) is highlighted and reconstructed. Our model was tested and evaluated using realistic scenarios which include outdoor and indoor scenes. The results reflect the ability of our approach to detect and remove shadows and reconstruct a shadow free image with a small error of approximately 6%.
Back to the Future: Visualization of Development, Problems and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Quantum Computing
A.V. Tsaregorodtsev, P.V. Revenkov, A.A. Berdyugin
Accepted: 2024-02-10
Abstract
The manuscript is of a review and analytical nature and reflects the current situation in the field of information technology (IT). The relevance of the article is due to the need to popularize IT among young people, which is recorded in the documents of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, as well as the high demand for experts in the field of digital technologies and the need to increase the digitalization of Russia. According to GeekBrains (the first programming school in Russia, which appeared in 2010, and the leader in the field of digital professions training, which operates in 85 regions of the Russian Federation and 21 countries of the world), the volume of vacancies for IT specialists in our country will grow to 2 million by 2027. All large organizations are looking for specialists in the IT industries described in this and the following work. In this article, which is the first part of the study, the possibilities and problems of the following advanced technologies are considered: artificial intelligence, Data Science and quantum computing. The concepts of technologies are analyzed from the point of view of their applied daily use and application in professional spheres. The topics are closely related, complement each other in one way or another, the logic and chronology of events in the global IT sphere are observed. The conclusion of the article contains a description of the thought experiment of the authors of the manuscript on the hypothetical revival of machine intelligence, which accumulates the above technologies taking into account the laws of physics, as well as calculations for this experiment. The presentation materials from one of the educational shows “The Way to IT” by GeekBrains were used, including GIF animation, which is reproduced only on the website of the journal “Scientific Visualization”.
Visualization of Solar Radiation Using Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics Technologies
F.A. Mager, A.V. Sokolova, O.I. Khristodulo
Accepted: 2024-02-05
Abstract
Currently, the prediction, calculation and rationing of solar radiation is a serious problem that has a wide impact on the spheres of human activity. Creating and maintaining a comfortable living environment, as well as solving the world's energy problems, are the fundamental criteria that determine its relevance. This article discusses the possibility of using three-dimensional graphics technologies to calculate insolation. The paper considers an algorithm for calculating the four main components of the visualization of global solar radiation: direct beam radiation, diffuse radiation, reflected beam radiation and reflected diffuse radiation. The freely distributed open source software Blender 3D is used as a tool for working with computer graphics. In the course of the study, calculations based on the principle of bidirectional path tracing, which is used in the visualization algorithms of the Cycles graphics engine, are presented. The use of the technology of transferring complex data to the raster image format allows you to create a separate texture map for each component of the simulated lighting. Based on the obtained texture maps, it is possible to calculate the global solar radiation for all created or imported 3D models in the three-dimensional space of Blender 3D.
Dual-Pass Feature-Fused SSD Model for Detecting Multi-Scale Vehicles on the Construction Site
M. Petrov, S. Zimina, D. Dyachenko, A. Dubodelov, S. Simakov
Accepted: 2023-12-16
Abstract
When detecting equipment on a construction site the objects of detection could have very different scale relative to the image on which they are located. For better detec- tion and bounding box visualization of small objects, a Feature-Fused modification of the SSD detector can be used. Together with the use of overlapping image slicing on the inference, this model copes well with the detection of small objects. However, excessive manual adjustment of the slicing parameters for better detection of small objects can both generally worsen detection on scenes different from those on which the model was adjusted, and lead to significant losses in the detection of large ob- jects and problems with their bounding box visualization. Therefore, to achieve the best quality, the image slicing parameters should be automatically selected by the model depending on the characteristic scales of objects in the image.
The article presents a dual-pass version of Feature-Fused SSD for automatic de- termination of image slicing parameters. To determine the characteristic sizes of detected objects on the first pass, a fast truncated version of the detector is used. On the second pass the final object detection is carried out with slicing parameters selected after the first one. Depending on the complexity of the task being solved, the detector demonstrates a quality of 0.82 - 0.92 according to the mAP (mean Av- erage Precision) metric.
Multiscale Analysis of High Resolution Digital Elevation Models Using the Wavelet Transform
A.N. Zemtsov
Accepted: 2023-11-24
Abstract
A technique is proposed for choosing the optimal wavelet basis in terms of decorrelation of the spectral coefficients of the wavelet basis when solving the problem of representation of digital elevation models. In the course of the work, it was revealed that the selection of the spectral transform basis significantly affects the accuracy of the representation of the original model. The proposed method to the decomposition of digital elevation models based on the discrete wavelet transform does not require large computational costs. A technique is proposed for selection the optimal wavelet basis from the position of the minimum mean square error of the reconstructed signal, when quantizing the high-frequency expansion coefficients. Expressions are obtained for generating scaling and wavelet functions in space. The method developed to represent digital elevation models has good properties, which allows to significantly increase the resolution of digital elevation models in the implemented regional geoinformation system.
Information Environment а for Industrial and Scientific-Cognitive Tourism with Application of Gis
О.А. Ulchitsky, Е.К. Podobreeva, Y.V. Kocherzhinskaya, Е.К. Bulatova, O.M. Veremey
Accepted: 2023-11-24
Abstract
The subject of the stated research is conditioned by the need to develop modern methods and technologies of information support of the tourism industry of the regional profile taking into account its specifics and features. Awareness and comfortable conditions of tourist service are the key factors of successful promotion and sustainable development of this sphere. In the near future, domestic tourism has great prospects, it concerns many territories of the country, and the Southern Urals is no exception.
The article is a continuation of research work related to the collection and analysis of geodata, as well as the visualization of the information environment. This study shows how to graphically visualize information on the basis of the development of an interactive scheme project with the possibility of overlaying it on a scalable satellite map in the field of industrial, scientific-cognitive tourism and architectural tourism on the example of a separate layer "Country of Cities" for the objects located in the South Urals.
In the research on the basis of the program utility "Grid cartogram of reference archaeological objects" the design concept of the interface functionality of utility "KROT-1.0" ("Cartogram of reference objects of tourism. Version 1.0") is developed and tested as an interactive cartogram on Internet platforms.
Methodology wise, the research process consists of 2 stages: pre-project or data collection with the formation of a database catalog and design and research, with the implementation of results, consisting in the development of the design concept of the utility and its integration with a web resource developed on the platform of non-commercial CMS; analysis and comparison of the results obtained on different platforms, publication or placement of the developed interactive schemes on internal servers and Internet platforms with further prospects for the development of mobile applications for the provision of information environment in different spheres of regional tourism.
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